CRISPR-Based Gene Drive Technology for Anopheles Mosquito Population Suppression in Malaria Control
Twesigye Davis
Department of Pharmacognosy Kampala International University Uganda
Email: twesigyedavis@studwc.kiu.ac.ug
ABSTRACT
Malaria, primarily transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes, continued to exact a heavy toll worldwide. Traditional vector control methods face challenges such as insecticide resistance, necessitating novel, sustainable interventions. CRISPR-based gene drive technology offers a revolutionary approach by promoting the spread of genetic modifications through mosquito populations to suppress or modify them, aiming to disrupt malaria transmission. This review critically examined the development, molecular mechanisms, experimental validation, clinical implications, and translational prospects of CRISPR-based gene drives for Anopheles mosquito population suppression as a malaria control strategy. A comprehensive literature review was conducted, analyzing recent peer-reviewed articles, experimental data, and modeling studies on CRISPR gene drives targeting Anopheles vectors. CRISPR-Cas9 gene drives efficiently bias inheritance to propagate fertility-reducing traits, achieving high transmission rates in laboratory mosquitoes with potential population suppression. Modeling predicts substantial malaria transmission reduction following successful field implementation. However, challenges included resistance allele formation, ecological risks, ethical concerns, and governance complexities. Advances in molecular design, containment strategies, and stakeholder engagement are essential to address these issues. CRISPR gene drive technology represented a transformative, yet complex, tool for malaria vector control with the promise of significant transmission interruption. Responsible development integrating rigorous scientific, ecological, and ethical considerations is crucial to harness its full potential in high-transmission settings.
Keywords: CRISPR, Gene drive, Anopheles mosquito, Malaria control, Population suppression.
CITE AS: Twesigye Davis (2026). CRISPR-Based Gene Drive Technology for Anopheles Mosquito Population Suppression in Malaria Control. IAA Journal of Applied Sciences 14(1):115-118.